Paul continues the discussion of idol food with a warning from Scripture. The Israelites enjoyed great privileges: the guiding cloud, the passage through the sea, the manna, and water from the rock, which Paul identifies with Christ. These experiences paralleled baptism and the Lord's Supper. Yet most of them displeased God through idolatry, immorality, testing the Lord, and grumbling, and they did not reach the promised land.
Paul draws the lesson. These events happened as examples and were written for the instruction of those on whom the ends of the ages have come. Spiritual privileges do not make anyone immune to falling. Overconfidence is dangerous. Yet the warning is joined to a promise. God is faithful, temptation is common to all, and God will provide a way of escape so that His people can endure.
Paul then applies this to temple feasts. Sharing the cup and bread unites believers with Christ and with one another as one body. Pagan sacrifices, though idols are nothing, are bound up with the worship of demons, and believers cannot share both tables. For ordinary meals, believers may eat with thanksgiving, but they should yield their freedom when it would harm another's conscience. Seeking the neighbor's good, they should do all to the glory of God and give no occasion for stumbling.