Genesis 42 begins the long process of reconciliation in Jacob's family. The famine drives ten brothers to Egypt. Jacob keeps Benjamin, Rachel's remaining son, revealing that his favoritism continues. The brothers bow with faces to the ground before Joseph, unknowingly fulfilling his dream. Joseph remembered the dreams and recognized that God's word was coming true.
Joseph's harsh treatment is not revenge but a test. He accuses them of spying and demands that they produce Benjamin. The test is designed to reveal whether the brothers who once sold Rachel's son would now protect Rachel's other son. Joseph also declares, I fear God, a hint of mercy, and allows nine to go home with grain.
The brothers' confession is the heart of the chapter: We are certainly guilty concerning our brother. They added, Therefore this distress has come upon us. Reuben adds, His blood is required. Joseph, who understands their language, turns away to weep. His tears show that his testing is motivated by love. Finding their money returned, the brothers ask, What is this that God has done to us? They are beginning to see God's hand. Jacob's despairing words, All these things are against me, are mistaken; God is working all of them for good (Romans 8:28).