Chapter 3 contains one of the best-known poems in the Bible. For everything there is a season, and a time for every purpose under heaven. Fourteen pairs of opposites follow, covering all of life: a time to plant, and a time to pluck up; a time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to seek, and a time to lose; a time to tear, and a time to sew; a time to keep silence, and a time to speak; a time for war, and a time for peace. The point is not that we choose these times, but that God sets them.
Verse 11 is the heart of the chapter: He has made everything beautiful in its time. He has also set eternity in their hearts, yet so that man can't find out the work that God has done from the beginning even to the end. Humans live in time, but we sense there is more. We long for meaning that lasts beyond our short lives.
The Preacher concludes: whatever God does, it shall be forever. Nothing can be added to it, nor anything taken from it; and God has done it, that men should fear before him. Joy is God's gift: every man should eat and drink, and enjoy good in all his labor, is the gift of God. Seeing injustice, he trusts that God will judge the righteous and the wicked. In the New Testament, Paul writes, But when the fullness of the time came, God sent out his Son (Galatians 4:4).