Paul explains his change of plans. Rather than make another sorrowful visit (2:1), he wrote a letter out of much affliction and anguish of heart, with many tears. His aim was not to grieve them but to let them know the abundant love he had for them. Discipline and tenderness belong together in his ministry.
The offender who had caused grief, had been disciplined by the majority. Paul judges that this was sufficient. The church must now forgive and comfort him, lest he be overwhelmed by excessive sorrow. Paul urges them to reaffirm their love for him. Church discipline aims at restoration. Unforgiveness would give Satan an advantage, and Paul says believers are not ignorant of his schemes.
Paul then recalls his anxious wait for Titus at Troas before turning to praise. God always leads believers in triumph in Christ and through them spreads the sweet aroma of his knowledge in every place (2:14). Through the apostles God spreads the fragrance of the knowledge of Christ. To those being saved it is an aroma of life; to those perishing, of death. Who is sufficient for such a task? Paul does not peddle the word of God like a merchant but speaks in Christ with sincerity, in the sight of God.